Gladiator

     


Gladiator (Latin: gladiator, "swordsman", from the word gladius, "sword") was an armed fighter who fights to entertain the audience in the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. They fight against other gladiators, wild animals, and prisoners. Some gladiators are volunteers who risked their lives and the social life in the arena. While most of the gladiators denigrated as slaves, schooled loud, socially marginalized, and segregated even after death.
Regardless of their origin, gladiators fight exemplify ethics to the penonon Roman, and, when the fight or when dead, they can give rise to admiration and praise. They are described in the art class and lower class, and their value as entertainers remembered the precious objects and common throughout the Roman world.
The origin of gladiatorial combat is not known for certain. There is evidence of this fight in funeral rites during the Punic Wars in the 3rd century BC, and after it is quickly becoming an important part in social and political life in the Roman world. His fame made ​​him develop into a spectacle that much more expensive and luxurious called "gladiator game."
The game reaches its peak between the 1st century BC and the 2nd BC, and began to decline in the early 5th century AD after receipt of Christianity as the state religion in AD 390's, although "hunting wild animals" (venationes) continue until 6th century AD


Gladiator (bahasa Latin: gladiator, "ahli pedang", dari kata gladius, "pedang") adalah petarung bersenjata yang melakukan pertarungan untuk menghibur para penonton di Republik Romawi dan Kekaisaran Romawi. Mereka bertarung melawan sesama gladiator, binatang buas dan narapidana. Beberapa gladiator merupakan sukarelawan yang mempertaruhkan kehidupan sosial dan nyawa mereka di arena. Sementara sebagian besar gladiator direndahkan sebagai budak, dididik secara keras, terpinggirkan secara sosial, dan dipisahkan bahkan setelah mati.
Terlepas dari asal usul mereka, gladiator memberikan contoh etika pertarungan Romawi kepada para penonon, dan, ketika bertarung ataupun ketika mati, mereka dapat menimbulkan kekaguman dan pujian. Mereka digambarkan dalam seni kelas atas maupun kelas bawah, dan nilai mereka sebagai penghibur dikenang dalam objek-objek berharga dan biasa di penjuru dunia Romawi.
Asal mula pertarungan gladiator tidak diketahui secara pasti. Ada bukti mengenai pertarungan ini dalam ritus pemakaman selama Perang Punisia pada abad ke-3 SM, dan setelah itu dengan cepat menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan sosial dan politik di dunia Romawi. Ketenarannya membuatnya berkembang menjadi tontonan yang jauh lebih mahal dan mewah yang disebut "pertandingan gladiator."
Pertandingan ini mencapai puncaknya antara abad ke-1 SM dan ke-2 SM, dan mulai menurun pada awal abad ke-5 M setelah diterimanya Kristen sebagai agama negara pada tahun 390-an, meskipun "perburuan hewan buas" (venationes) terus dilakukan hingga abad ke-6 M.



 TYPES OF GLADIATOR  (Jenis-Jenis Gladiator)                  

1. The Secutor

The Secutor, also known as hunters, enter name of his fighting techniques. He chased his opponent around the arena.Dia wearing round helmet with round eye holes are very small. His right arm is covered with leather or metal band, and his right hand carrying a short sword or belati.Dengan he brought his left hand and a shield in his left leg, he wore leg guards called okrea, so the left side is completely protected.

The Secutor, juga dikenal sebagai pemburu, masuk namanya dari teknik juangnya. Dia mengejar lawannya di seluruh arena.Dia memakai helm bulat dengan lubang mata bulat yang sangat kecil. lengan kanannya ditutupi dengan kulit atau band metal, dan tangan kanannya membawa sebuah pedang pendek atau belati.Dengan tangan kirinya dia membawa perisai dan di kaki kirinya, ia mengenakan kaki penjaga disebut okrea, jadi sisi kiri benar-benar dilindungi. 

2. The Retiarius

The Retiarius struggling with three pointed spear called a trident. It also used a net. It is also used jaring.Strateginya is to tangle his opponent on the internet, and then stabbed with a trident. If he missed the net, he can pull back because it has wires that could be interesting to take the net. It was a lead weight on it, so it can trap more mudah.Dia opponent hardly had any clothes. All he was wearing a headband and a guard on his left arm with a piece of flat shoulder.


The Retiarius berjuang dengan tombak tiga menunjuk disebut trisula. It also used a net. Ini juga digunakan jaring.Strateginya adalah untuk kusut lawannya di internet, dan kemudian menusuk dengan trisula. Jika ia terjawab dengan bersih, dia bisa menarik kembali karena memiliki kabel yang bisa menarik untuk mengambil bersihnya. Hal itu berat memimpin di atasnya, sehingga bisa menjebak lawannya lebih mudah.Dia hampir tidak memiliki baju apapun. Semua ia mengenakan ikat kepala dan seorang penjaga di lengan kirinya dengan potongan bahu datar. 

3. The Hoplomachus

The slave Hoplomachus is heavily armored. It used a short shord and a very heavy shield. It uses shord short and very heavy shielding. It also had a helmet that covered its face. It also has a helmet that covered his face. Until Augustus ruled, they were called Samnites, but after he Became the emperor they were called Hoplomachus. Until Augustus ruled, they were called Samnites, but after he became emperor they called Hoplomachus.

The Hoplomachus adalah budak berat lapis baja. It used a short shord and a very heavy shield. Itu menggunakan shord pendek dan perisai yang sangat berat. It also had a helmet that covered its face. Hal ini juga memiliki helm yang menutupi wajahnya. Until Augustus ruled, they were called Samnites, but after he became the emperor they were called Hoplomachus. Sampai Augustus memerintah, mereka disebut Samnites, tapi setelah ia menjadi kaisar mereka disebut Hoplomachus. 

4. The Mirmillo

The Mirmillo also called the fish. Itini identified with the image of scales on helmnya.Dia using a short sword and shield, which protects the large round his legs unarmored. Often he had to fight against a Retiarius. He often had to struggle against Retiarius. It is kind of ironic, because Retiarius' trying to catch their opponents in the net! Although he appears unprotected, Roma are classified as a slave "heavy" because of the large shield.

The Mirmillo juga disebut orang ikan. ItIni diidentifikasi dengan gambar sisik pada helmnya.Dia menggunakan pedang pendek dan membawa perisai, bundar besar yang melindungi kaki unarmored nya. He often had to fight against a Retiarius. Dia sering harus berjuang melawan Retiarius. Ini adalah jenis ironis, karena Retiarius 'berusaha menangkap lawan mereka dalam jaring! Meskipun ia tampak tidak dilindungi, Roma diklasifikasikan sebagai seorang budak "berat" karena perisai yang besar.

5. The Thracian

The Thracian is lightly armored slaves carrying a very small shield called Parma and square or curved sword called a Sica. His helmet has a large peak in the form of a griffin. He wore leg guards. He wears leg guards. They are very high, which covers up to the upper thigh. Thracians always struggled heavily armored gladiator.

The Thracian adalah budak ringan lapis baja yang membawa perisai yang sangat kecil atau persegi disebut Parma dan pedang melengkung disebut sebuah Sica. Helmnya memiliki puncak besar dalam bentuk griffin. He wore leg guards. Dia memakai kaki penjaga. Mereka sangat tinggi, yang meliputi sampai ke atas paha. Thracians selalu berjuang gladiator berat lapis baja. 



Similarly, a brief history of the Gladiator. May be useful.